The Palatine Hill, which relative to the seven hills of Rome is the centremost, is one of the most ancient parts of the city; it has been called "the first nucleus of the Roman Empire". The site is now mainly a large open-air museum.
Rome has its origins on the Palatine. Excavations show that people have lived in the area since the 10th century BC. Excavations performed on the hill in 1907 and again in 1948 unearthed a collection of huts believed to have been used for funerary purposes between the 9th and 7th century BC approximating the time period when the city of Rome was founded.
Monuments include:
The Palace of Domitian
Houses of Livia and Augustus
House of Tiberius
Domus Severiana
Temple of Cybele
Temple of Apollo Palatinus
Septizodium
Domus Transitoria
[info from Wikipedia & Google Maps]
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